Incinerator with a plurality of outer walls and a hollow grate

ABSTRACT

An incinerator having a post-combustion chamber elevated over a pre-combustion chamber, an oil or gas burner in the postcombustion chamber, a perforated hollow grate at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber, an ash box below the hollow grate, and a plurality of outer walls around the combustion chamber and the ash box having air passages therein connected to the hollow grate.

United States Patent [191 Young, Jr. et al.

[ INCINERATOR WITH A PLURALITY OF OUTER WALLS AND A HOLLOW GRATE [76] Inventors: John Young, Jr., Plymouth Rd.,

Lexington, Mass. 02173; Barry Paul Maguire, l0 Hartsuff St., Rear, Rockland, Mass. 02370 [22] Filed: Oct. 30, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 301,748

[52] US. Cl. 110/8 C, 110/49 R [51] Int. Cl. F23g 5/12 [58] Field of Search 110/8 R, 8 A, 8 C18 R,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Osswald 110/8 [451 Mar. 19, 1974 6/1967 Mallard 110/18 2,515,869 7/1950 Gregg et a1. 110/18 3,504,645 4/1970 Davenport.... 110/8 1,995,893 3/1935 McEver 110/8 3.489.109 l/1970 Flowers. Jr. 110/18 Primary Examiner-Kenneth W. Sprague Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Krafft & Wells ABSTRACT An incinerator having a post-combustion chamber elevated over a pro-combustion chamber, an oil or gas burner in the post-combustion chamber, a perforated hollow grate at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber, an ash box below the hollow grate, and a plurality of outer walls around the combustion chamber and the ash box having air passages therein connected to the hollow grate.

8 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PATENIEBIIAR 1 a mm 37973115 sum 1 or 2 iilZ FIG I INCINERATOR WITH A PLURALITY OF OUTER WALLS AND A HOLLOW CRATE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The field of the invention is furnace structures having a hollow grate feeding air. In the present invention, air is circulated around the combustion chamber or chambers, around the ash box and through the hollow grate.

The state of the prior art may be ascertained by reference to U.S. Pat. Nos. 992,004 of Kreutzer et al., 2,469,639 of Franklin; 3,354,847 of Clement et al., and 3,688,709 of Sheffield. Kreutzer et al disclose a fireplace grating having hollow tubes therein. Franklin discloses a furnace construction which incorporates hollow grating bars. In the furnace of Franklin, outside air is passed through and cools the grating bars while the preheated air flows upwardly and discharges from a flue into the top of the combustion chamber. Clement et al eliminate the use of a grate by providing the floor of the combustion chamber with air nozzles connected to conduits in the floor. The patent of Sheffield which discloses an anti-pollution incinerator with a hollow grate is incorporated herein.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention contemplates the use of a postcombustion or oxidation chamber and/or around which exhaust gases and particles move so as to significantly reduce their polluting components.

This post-combustion or oxidation chamber has an oil or gas burner to support combustion.

Heat from the combustion of trash in a precombustion chamber is fed into the post-combustion chamber .to support or increase the temperature and degree of burning in the post-combustion chamber.

The trash is supported in the pre-combustion chamber by a perforated hollow grate and a portion of the gases from the post-combustion chamber is fed through the grate into the pre-combustion chamber.

The combustion chambers are surrounded by hollow walls through which the hot gases are circulated into the pre-combustion chamber at start-up and/or after combustion commences.

At start-up the trash ignites spontaneously after achieving a sufficiently high temperature due to radiation from the hot walls and the circulation of hot gases from the post-combustion chamber.

Hot gases from the post-combustion chamber are circulated through and/or past the trash at start-up and after start-up to heat the trash and to increase the efficiency of moisture removal, heating and oxygen impingement.

Incoming air is circulated past hot wall surfaces to increase the temperature thereof prior to entry into the combustion chambers.

A portion of the incoming air is mixed with hot exhaust gases from the post-combustion chamber to increase the air temperature before entry into the combustion chambers.

The outside air is used to cool the incinerator hous Outside air is fed through an ajdustable valve or damper at the top of the incinerator, moves between two separate housings downward through the incinerator while it cools the housings and is in turn heated. At or near the bottom of the incinerator, the heated outside air is directed inward to an inner housing having as one wall the outside of the combustion chambers. The heated air moves upward and around the hot surfaces of the combustion chambers. A portion of the heated air in the innermost housing is blown by a fan into a hollow and perforated grate at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber.

Trash is delivered to the pre-combustion chamber by a vibrating table. The vibrations of the table aid in the separation of the trash. The trash is loaded batchwise through a door which is otherwise kept closed to minimize the movement of gases and/or particles to or from the incinerator.

An interlocked inner door significantly prevents the movement of gases and/or particles to or from the incinerator while the outer door is open.

In a further embodiment, a multiple cananular type incinerator is contemplated wherein there are three or more post-combustion chambers aligned side by side and the space below is a large pre-combustion chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention may best be described by reference to the attached drawings, wherein;

FIG. 1 is a side view in cross-section of an embodiment of the incinerator;

FIG. 2 is a front view in cross-section of the embodiment of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 3 is a front view in cross-section of a further embodiment of FIG. 2 showing a multiple cananular type incinerator.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1 the post-combustion chamber 2 is positioned over the pre-combustion chamber 4and the precombustion chamber 4 is separated from the ash box 6 by hollow and perforated grates 8. Outside air enters outside housing 10 thorugh inlet 12 and is controlled by damper valve 14. Air is conducted within the outside housing in conduit 16 around inner housing 18. From conduit 16 the air is passed into conduit 20 thorugh inlets 22. A portion of the air in conduit 20 is sucked through holes 24 into conduit 26 by fan 28 and the amount of air is controlled by damper valve 30. The air from conduit 26 is directed-into hollow and perforated pipe grates 8.

Oil or gas burner 38 projects a flame into postcombustion chamber 2 wherein a portion of the combustion gases leave through vent 40' having damper valve 42. Another portion of the combustion gases is directed through conduit 26 and is circulated through perforated grates 8. The mixed air and combustion gases exiting from grate 8 pass through the trash, ignite same and the burning gases leave pre-combustion chamber 4 and enter post-combustion chamber 2 through aperture 44.

In FIG. 3 the multiple type incinerator with concerntric thin-walled ducts is shown having the same components of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the addition of conveyor belt 46 located in the ash box 6 for continuous removal of ashes. At the end of the conveyor belt 46 the ashes drop vertically through cute 48.

We claim:

1. An incinerator having a pre-combustion chamber, a post-combustion chamber elevated over said precombustion chamber, a burner projecting a flame into said post-combustion chamber, an ash box below said pre-combustion chamber, a perforated hollow grate separating said pre-combustion chamber and said ash box, an exhaust gas conduit at the end of said postcombustion chamber connected to said hollow grate, a plurality of housings around said combustion chambers and said ash box, gas conduits in said housings connected to said hollow grate, said housings including a first housing around said combustion chambers and said ash box and a second housing around said first housing, said housings defining said gas conduits, an outside air inlet in said second housing and an exhaust outlet extending through said post-combustion chamber and said housings, a first damping valve in said inlet and a second damping valve in said outlet.

2. The incinerator of claim 1 having inlet holes in said exhaust gas conduit connected to said gas conduits.

3. The incinerator of claim 2 having a fan in said exhaust gas conduit.

4. The incinerator of claim 3 having a third damping valve in said exhaust gas conduit.

5. The incinerator of claim 4 having a vibrator feed extending through the wall of said pre-combustion chamber from outside thereof.

6. The incinerator of claim 5 having an outer chamber at the beginning of said vibrator feed with an outside door and an interlocked door in the precombustion chamber wall.

7. The incinerator of claim 1 having a plurality of post-combustion chambers.

8. The incinerator of claim 7 having a conveyor belt under said grates for removal of ashes. 

1. An incinerator having a pre-combustion chamber, a postcombustion chamber elevated over said pre-combustion chamber, a burner projecting a flame into said post-combustion chamber, an ash box below said pre-combustion chamber, a perforated hollow grate separating said pre-combustion chamber and said ash box, an exhaust gas conduit at the end of said post-combustion chamber connected to said hollow grate, a plurality of housings around said combustion chambers and said ash box, gas conduits in said housings connected to said hollow grate, said housings including a first housing around said combustion chambers and said ash box and a second housing around said first housing, said housings defining said gas conduits, an outside air inlet in said second housing and an exhAust outlet extending through said postcombustion chamber and said housings, a first damping valve in said inlet and a second damping valve in said outlet.
 2. The incinerator of claim 1 having inlet holes in said exhaust gas conduit connected to said gas conduits.
 3. The incinerator of claim 2 having a fan in said exhaust gas conduit.
 4. The incinerator of claim 3 having a third damping valve in said exhaust gas conduit.
 5. The incinerator of claim 4 having a vibrator feed extending through the wall of said pre-combustion chamber from outside thereof.
 6. The incinerator of claim 5 having an outer chamber at the beginning of said vibrator feed with an outside door and an interlocked door in the pre-combustion chamber wall.
 7. The incinerator of claim 1 having a plurality of post-combustion chambers.
 8. The incinerator of claim 7 having a conveyor belt under said grates for removal of ashes. 